Simulation in Architectural Research

In the new world of architectural research, technology has a main role to play. It is technology that has made possible the creation of a virtual world that triggers inferences and helps in drawing conclusions from facts and findings. This paper focuses on one of the research processes, i.e., ‘Architectural Simulation Research,’ which is often more analytical, pragmatic and adaptable in the forthcoming generation of architectural research. Architectural Simulation can be classified into drawings, photographs and different scale-models. This research can be executed in many ways on lines similar to the conventional ‘Logical Argumentation,’ ‘Experimental Research’ and, ‘Qualitative Research’. The paper also focuses on the tactical part of different categories of simulation research which deal with the characteristics of simulation types

Ordering kinetics and steady states of XY-model with ferromagnetic and nematic interaction

The two-dimensions XY model, undergoes the Berezinskii Kosterlitz Thouless (BKT) transition through unbinding of defect pairs of opposite signs. When the interaction between spins is purely ferromagnetic, these defects have +-1 charge, whereas for pure nematic interaction between spins, they have charge +-1/2. Two-dimensional XY-model in the presence of both ferromagnetic and nematic interactions has been studied both theoretically and experimentally. In this paper, we have studied dynamics of defects in the presence of both ferromagnetic and nematic interactions on a square lattice. Varying the strength of ferromagnetic and nematic interactions, we have observed behavior of both integer and half integer defects and based on that we propose a phase diagram which exhibit three distinct regions in the phase diagram below the critical TBKT : polar phase, nematic phase and coexistence phase and a disordered regions above it. Also, for pure polar and pure nematic case, our results show that the exponent, for algebraic decay of number of defects with time, decays linearly with temperature

Fast Detection of Community Structures using Graph Traversal in Social Networks

Finding community structures in social networks is considered to be a challenging task as many of the proposed algorithms are computationally expensive and does not scale well for large graphs. Most of the community detection algorithms proposed till date are unsuitable for applications that would require detection of communities in real-time, especially for massive networks. The Louvain method, which uses modularity maximization to detect clusters, is usually considered to be one of the fastest community detection algorithms even without any provable bound on its running time. We propose a novel graph traversal-based community detection framework, which not only runs faster than the Louvain method but also generates clusters of better quality for most of the benchmark datasets. We show that our algorithms run in O(|V | + |E|) time to create an initial cover before using modularity maximization to get the final cover. Keywords - community detection; Influenced Neighbor Score; brokers; community nodes; communitiesComment: 29 pages, 9 tables, and 13 figures. Accepted in "Knowledge and Information Systems", 201

Advanced Low-Floor Vehicle (ALFV) Specification Research

This report details the results of research on market comparison, operational cost efficiencies, and prototype tests conducted on a novel design for an Advanced Low Floor Vehicle (ALFV), flex-route transit bus. Section I describes how the need for such a bus arises from a combination of diminishing transit funding from the federal government and demographic and transportation factors. Section II describes the unique features of this bus design that render it suitable for rural and urban operation, including improved transit passenger and wheelchair accessibility, reduced maintenance, structural design features, safety provisions, and the technical specifications of this design. Section III details the potential differences in capital and operational costs of procuring and operating this bus in a fleet. Potential cost reductions due to the long-life vehicle concept, maneuverability, operational savings (from APTA Bus Roadeo tests), and reserve fleet savings are explored. Section IV refers to the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) new model bus tests (“Altoona Testing”). However, at the this time, the Altoona Bus Test Report for these tests is not yet released by the bus manufacturer, Ride Solution, Inc., as is its right under the Bus Testing Regulation. The report must be released to the public before this bus can be purchased by a transit agency using FTA funds. In addition to the standard Altoona Bus Test, additional research was conducted to determine the turning ability, suspension travel, ramp travel index, field of view for the driver, compliance to Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements, and timed assessment of wheelchair securement. Section IV also presents the results of these tests. Section V presents results from a market comparison that included the buses in this mid-size category that were tested at Altoona and are expected to be available for FTA grantees to purchase. The specifications and performance of the ALFV bus are compared with these buses. Section VI presents a flex-route utilization plan, and Section VII provides the results from a survey of transit professionals about their interest in the features of this bus design. Section VIII gives Ride Solution’s experience in developing the concept for ALFV. Conclusions of this report are presented in Section IX, followed by the references and appendices

Does Quarkonia Suppression serve as a probe for the deconfinement in small systems?

In high multiplicity proton-proton $(p-p)$ collisions, the formation of a deconfined state of quarks and gluons akin to Heavy Ion Collisions (HIC) has been a subject of significant interest. In proton-proton ($p-p$) collisions, the transverse size of the system is comparable to the longitudinal (Lorentz contracted) dimension, unlike the case in Nucleus-Nucleus ($A-A$) collision, leading to a hitherto unexplored effect of rapid decrease of temperature of the medium on quark-antiquark bound states. This allows us to probe a unique possibility of hadronization occurring before quarkonia dissociation within the medium. In small systems, a rapid change in temperature also introduces sudden changes in the Hamiltonian. This scenario prompts consideration of non-adiabatic evolution, challenging the traditional adiabatic framework. We demonstrate that non-adiabatic evolution may extend the longevity of quark-anti-quark bound states in $p-p$ collisions, even at higher multiplicities, offering new insights into the dynamics of strongly interacting matter produced in smaller collision systems.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, comments are welcom

Thermal, Electrical and Viscous (TEV) Characterization of Biomodified Geomaterials

Biomodification serves as a means for alteration of inherent engineering properties of geomaterials using microbes. In this regard, the present investigation is devoted towards pre and post biomodification assessment of thermal, electrical and viscou (TEV)properties of several geomaterial specimens. The scope of the current research also includes establishing correlations among the above mentioned properties and other geotechnical parameters of the earth materials.To assist the study, a soil thermal probe, electrical probe and viscometer are designed and fabricated .The thermal probe (ThP) works on the principle of transient heating technique, and is preferred over the ones based on steady state measurements to eliminate the effects of moisture migration and to reduce the time lag in measurement. The electrical probe (EcP) is based on the principle of application of a constant regulated AC voltage across the sample, measurement of electrical current flow and subsequent calculations to assess electrical conductivity of the soil mass. A soil viscometer (GeoVM) is designed and fabricated for shear strength and viscosity appraisal of geomaterial slurries. Subsequently, these equipment are calibrated and used for estimation of the respective soil properties.A radiation resistant bacterial sp.)featured in the study.Field application of this investigation applies to hazardous waste disposal systems and for suitability assessment of thermal backfills

Current reversal in polar flock at order-disorder interface

We studied a system of polar self-propelled particles (SPPs) on a thin rectangular channel designed into three regions of order-disorder-order. The division of the three regions is made on the basis of the noise SPPs experience in the respective regions. The noise in the two wide region is chosen lower than the critical noise of order-disorder transition and noise in the middle region or interface is higher than the critical noise. This make the geometry of the system analogous to the Josephson Junction (JJ) in solid state physics. Keeping all other parameters fixed, we study the properties of the moving SPPs in the bulk as well as along the interface for different widths of the junction. On increasing interface width, system shows a order-to-disorder transition from coherent moving SPPs in the whole system to the interrupted current for large interface width. Surprisingly, inside the interface we observed the current reversal for intermediate widths of the interface. Such current reversal is due to the strong randomness present inside the interface, that makes the wall of the interface reflecting. Hence Our study give a new interesting collective properties of SPPs at the interface which can be useful to design devices like switch using active agents